A Report Surveillance of Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) Bacterial Infections among the Patients Attending to Different Out-patient Department (OPD) and Hospitalized Patients in TU Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Background: Multi Drug Resistant bacterial isolates have been frequently reported from different parts of the world as an emergence of treatment problem. Such Multi Drug Resistant bacterial strains have also been increasingly isolated from the clinical specimens of the hospitalized patients as well as the patients attending to out-patient services of TU Teaching Hospital. To know the exact situation of different types of Multi Drug Resistant strains, this surveillance study was carried out. Methods: A total of 6955 clinical specimens during six months period beginning from July 12, 2000 to January 12, 2001 were investigated in Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital. The antimicrobial drug resistance testing of the isolates to the various antibiotic disks was carried out according to standardized disk diffusion method recommended by NCCLS. Results: Of the total isolates 634 during six months period from clinical specimens 2505 of the hospitalized patients, 271 Multi Drug Resistant strains (42.74%) were found; the most predominant were Esch.coli 88, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 62, Klebseilla sp. 58 and Staph. aureus 30. Among the patients attending to out-patient department services, 254 Multi Drug Resistant strains (17.82%) were found from 1425 isolates of the total specimens 4450 in the study period; the most predominant were Esh.coli 99 followed by Klebseilla sp. 50, Staphylococci aureus 44 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 38. Conclusions: Understanding the genetics of resistance, the practitioners and other categories of health provider need to understand the dosage and timing in the treatment of particular infections. Before use of antibiotics one should know which is specified for a particular bacterial infection. Keywords: antibiotic; bacteria; infection; misuse; multi drug resistant; overuse; resistant.